February 15, 2011

Amazingly Simple Pain-Relief Trick

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February 15, 2011
Bottom Line's Daily Health News
In This Issue...
  • The 10 Biggest and Deadliest Heart Myths
  • Amazingly Simple Pain-Relief Trick -- Use Touch (Your Own) to Banish Pain Anywhere On Your Body
  • Why Don't These Doctors Get Sick?
  • Travel Alert -- Valley Fever on the Rise
  • Before You Go Swimming in a New Germ Pool

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Amazingly Simple Pain-Relief Trick

We generally assume that when something hurts, the pain is caused by a real biological event -- a wound, an infection, a sprain. But this isn’t always the case. For instance, consider the dramatic example of phantom limb pain, in which people experience sensations -- most often pain -- in an arm or leg that has been amputated. It’s puzzling... and oddly fascinating... all the more so now that neuroscientists have discovered that they can use mirrors (in a complicated arrangement) to trick the brain into "seeing" the missing limb as present -- and that doing so causes the pain to stop! Recently I read about a new effort in which UK scientists have started to develop simpler tricks that people with any kind of pain can do themselves -- no mirrors needed (no drugs either) -- to "fool" their brains into perceiving less pain. It involves simply touching your own body in a certain way. It sounds so appealing -- does it really work?

The Brain’s Point of View

We will have to wait awhile to see published results on this research, but I didn’t want to wait to learn more about something that sounded so simple, promising and safe! I placed a call to pain psychologist Beth Darnall, PhD, at the Oregon Health & Science University, to ask her opinion on the idea of using your own touch to control pain.

Dr. Darnall told me that this works because of a process that scientists call "brain signaling." An ample body of research has shown that often the brain does not distinguish between what is real (that you can see and touch) and what it just believes to be true based on experience. Furthermore, she said, research shows that just thinking negatively about pain can create biochemical changes that show up in MRI brain scans when areas associated with pain light up. In other words, people can literally grow their pain through their thoughts -- so it also makes sense, Dr. Darnall says, that people can use their brains to banish it.

Mind Over Pain

So what can we do with this intriguing research finding? Here’s Dr. Darnall’s advice on how to put it to use right now...

The first step is to become aware of the extent to which chronic pain triggers anxiety and catastrophic thinking (chronic thoughts and feelings of helplessness and doom). This increases stress and worsens pain, so it is crucial to establish ways to calm and center your body and mind -- otherwise you’ll be "at the mercy of anything in the environment, including your own body," said Dr. Darnall. She suggested that a type of counseling called cognitive behavior therapy can be a good way to learn how to eliminate anxiety and catastrophic thinking, noting that studies show that such therapy actually can change -- physically change -- the neural networks of the brain and make them healthier.

As far as the self-touch method for pain relief, Dr. Darnall told me about a technique she developed called "bilateral tactile stimulation" that you can learn to use on yourself for pain relief -- though it’s important to start with a practitioner in order to experience how it is properly done. Note: Psychotherapists trained in either Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) or Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) are the ones most likely to be familiar with this technique.

How it works: Sitting in front of the client, the therapist leads him/her through a guided visualization or deep-relaxation exercise while lightly and rapidly tapping one side and then the other of (for example) the back of the knees or hands -- a place that is easy to reach and comfortable but not the painful spot. This is done for one to three minutes. According to Dr. Darnall, this works to reduce pain in the following ways...
  • Tapping while also doing a guided visualization seems to help patients encode positive images, feelings and thoughts more quickly.
  • In turn, this helps put a stop to the cycle of pain, stress and the body’s inflammatory response by keeping the brain from focusing on helplessness and how much it hurts.
  • Lastly, this technique can help deepen the relaxation response, thereby releasing the muscle tension that pain causes and, with it, the pain itself. In other words, the tapping helps to encode and anchor information in the brain, including the information that the patient is fully relaxed and pain-free.
The At-Home Version

Once you are familiar with the process and feel ready to try it on yourself, Dr. Darnall suggests an at-home process to follow:
  • Sit or lie down in a comfortable position. Because it is crucial to feel calm before using this technique, listen to a relaxation-response CD (many are available online and at health-food stores), meditate or do some diaphragmatic breathing to first get centered.
  • Once you are relaxed and calm, focus on envisioning positive images. Create an image of yourself hurting less and functioning better. Concentrate on how good it feels to move without pain... to experience joy... or to accomplish goals you set for yourself.
  • Now, alternating one side of the body and the other, tap your knees, legs or upper arms -- whatever location you have chosen where you can easily reach and you have sensation (no numbness). Using the opposite hand (e.g., left hand on right knee, right hand on left knee), tap at a rate of two or three taps per second, all the while continuing your positive imagery, as described above. Start with sessions of about three minutes, and gradually add more time in later sessions if you wish.
As you become more practiced at this simple pain-relief technique, Dr. Darnall suggested trying to expand your vision of yourself, creating new visualizations where you picture yourself moving more easily around your life, pain-free, exercising and engaging in other activities you enjoy. Keep tapping as you do this... consider it a source of positive energy that you can "tap" at any time you wish!

Source(s):

Beth Darnall, PhD, assistant professor, department of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland.

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Travel Alert -- Valley Fever on the Rise

If you have a cough and fever that land you in the doctor’s office and he/she asks if you’ve done any traveling lately, it’s not just small talk -- the information you give may help pin down your diagnosis. Doctors all over the US are now on the alert for new cases of a serious health problem affecting residents of and visitors to the southwestern US. Called "valley fever," this flulike illness is being spread by the spores of ground-dwelling fungi, which are easily stirred up and blown about by the wind. While most people exposed to the fungi don’t fall ill, others get quite sick and may end up missing weeks, even months, of work or school. According to the Directors of Health Promotion and Education in Washington, DC, an affiliate of the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials and an advocate for promoting health and preventing disease, an estimated 50,000 to 100,000 people are affected by valley fever each year.

Valley fever (one popular name for coccidioidomycosis) is now affecting people in Arizona, New Mexico, southern and central California, desert areas in Texas and Nevada, southern Utah, northern Mexico, and parts of Central America and southern South America. It’s not contagious but, I learned from Clarisse Tsang, MPH, an epidemiologist in the Arizona Department of Health Services, it’s more widespread than was initially thought.

Ms. Tsang is the lead author of a paper on valley fever that was published in the November 2010 issue of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Emerging Infectious Diseases. First documented in Argentina in 1892, the spores are spread when the ground gets stirred up -- such as by farming, construction, military field training, archaeology, gardening, etc. In this study, of the 493 patients interviewed, 44% went to an emergency room and 41% were hospitalized. Ms. Tsang told me that researchers found that patients are suffering with the disease longer than expected, with symptoms typically lasting about four months -- far longer than the 21-day duration that was previously reported. Symptoms may include coughing, fatigue, fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, rash and/or shortness of breath.

The severe cases -- in which the fungus spreads from the lungs to other parts of the body, including the skin, bones, joints or brain -- affect about 1% of patients, and African-Americans, Asians and Filipinos, as well as pregnant women and people with compromised immune systems seem to be most vulnerable. Valley fever usually can be treated successfully with prescription antifungal medication (fluconazole and several other drugs known as "azoles"), but the diagnosis often is missed because the symptoms are common to many other illnesses.

You can learn more about this problem from the Valley Fever Center for Excellence (www.vfce.arizona.edu) or the Arizona Department of Health Services (www.ValleyFeverArizona.org/ed_mat.htm).

Visiting the Desert?

If you live in or will be visiting an area where valley fever is known to be a problem, you can follow these simple precautions...
  • Minimize dust exposure. Stay indoors when it's windy, especially during a dust storm.
  • Avoid activities that mean you are breathing potentially spore-bearing soil that has been stirred up, such as gardening. Persons who are immunocompromised should especially keep this in mind.
If you have any collection of the symptoms described above for two weeks and are not getting better... and you have visited an area where you may have been exposed to the spores... Ms. Tsang said you should ask your doctor to test you for valley fever. The simple blood or sputum test can be done at a local lab, with results usually available within one to two weeks.

Source(s):

Clarisse Tsang, MPH, epidemiologist, Office of Infectious Disease Services, Epidemiology & Disease Control Services, Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix.

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Be well,


Carole Jackson
Bottom Line's Daily Health News




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Before You Go Swimming in a New Germ Pool

It's not news to take steps to boost one's immune system before flying on an airplane. After all, if you spend hours sitting in an enclosed cabin breathing other people's air, someone is bound to have contagions that your body can't fight on its own. There are even products based on this situation -- like Airborne, which is a blend of immune-boosting antioxidants. Years ago, before I started taking Airborne and other immune-boosting steps, I frequently got sick within days of flying. Now, I rarely do.

Read on...


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